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英语语法:8大单复数一致性问题全面盘点

       所谓语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。这个考点光从字面上来看貌似十分简单,但涉及到具体题目中却往往会成为扣分杀手。具体来说,有关一致性的具体考点主要有以下8种: *rLs!/[Z_  
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英语语法:8大单复数一致性问题全面盘点 n>WS@b/o  
1. 主谓语单复数一致性 XJ;/ kR  
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以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 (agdgy:#  
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如: 3>+;G4  
His father is working on the farm. 2olim1  
To study English well is not easy. 9[`6f8S_$  
What he said is very important for us all. :9}*p@  
The children were in the classroom two hours ago. }wV rmDh \  
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. !T*izMX}  
注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 '&d4xc  
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如: %[J( ,rm  
What I bought were three English books. |{ k B`  
What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. q`P:PRgM  
2. 合成主语必须用复数形式 V~;YV]1Y  
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由连接词and或both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。 VZ8L9h<{"  
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如: t(Uoi~#[  
Lucy and Lily are twins. #XsqTK_nk  
She and I are classmates. 9L};vkYk#  
The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. F r~xN!  
Both she and he are Young Pioneers. e\<I:7%Rg  
注意: ~J|0G6H  
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(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 {8' 5  
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如: p.G7Cs  
The writer and artist has come. x?3p3[y  
(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。 nB.p}k  
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如: !duR7a  
Every student and every teacher was in the room. SZ_hGD0  
No boy and no girl likes it. <\5{R@A*6  
3. 名词或代词短语不影响单复数形式 _PIk,!<  
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主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 b}fH$.V@  
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如: wQ5__"D  
Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. yC[}gHv  
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. Oe$C5KA>LW  
She,like you and Tom,is very tall. Nx99dr  
4. 复合不定代词如何判断单复数? |s:!LU&OL\  
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either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。 du !.j  
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如: sdb#K?l  
Each of us has a new book. 7$'ja  
Everything around us is matter. /vu7;xVG  
注意: _xJ&p$&  
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(1)在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。 -a3C3!!  
N$ ?qAek  
如: YW*ti|u|w  
Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. C RNO4  
(2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 vQ;Z 0_  
4 QWHGh"  
如: -8]$a6`{_  
None of us has (have) been to America. .FeEK(  
5. 关系代词做主语时的单复数问题 u% FA.  
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在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 kW"N~Xw)  
M-n +3E9  
如: s SDBl~g  
He is one of my friends who are working hard. gY%-0@g  
He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. )lZb=t  
6. 集体名词单复数使用差异 %EuSP0  
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如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 uB\A8zC  
o\N),;LM  
如: 2n\EZ  
Class Four is on the third floor. |K]tJi4fz  
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. dQ<EDtap  
注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。 l{<@[foc  
hQ9VcS6=gD  
如: +:b| I'S  
The police are looking for the lost child. r_QWt1K  
7. 数量词构成短语的单复数用法 ~sOAm  
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由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 *p"%cas  
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如: 2?&h{PA+  
There are a lot of people in the classroom. ;aSEv"iWX  
The rest of the lecture is wonderful. K#>B'>A\  
50% of the students in our class are girls. gD-<^Q-  
注意:a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。 xu3qX"  
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8. 倒装句中的动词单复数问题 #<{sP 0v*  
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在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。 sPut@4[S  
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如: ~MOIrF  
There comes the bus. 9BP-Iet  
On the wall are many pictures. -{HA+YL H  
Such is the result. 4oJ0,u  
Such are the facts.
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