V-ing作结果状语用法略谈

羊君

【原句再现】

Below the mountains, the sunshine reflects on the many lakes, making them shine like diamonds against the rich countryside. (Lines 26-27, Page38)

【渗透语法】

1. V-ing作结果状语通常位于句末，且前面有逗号隔开。如：

Below the mountains, the sunshine reflects on the many lakes, making them shine like diamonds against the rich countryside.

山脚下，阳光照在许多湖面上，使他们在富丽乡村景色映衬下，如钻石般闪耀璀璨。

2. 有时为了突出结果之意可在现在分词前加副词thus，常译为“因而、因此”等。如：

He studied hard, thus getting high grades.

他学习努力，因此得了高分。

3. V-ing作结果状语时，其逻辑主语可以是句子的主语，也可以是整个句子。如：

The enemy opened fire, killing one of our guards.

敌人开枪了，结果打死了我们一名卫兵。

By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000, making it the largest city in the USA.

到1820年纽约的人口增长到大约125,000人，结果使它成为美国最大的城市。

4. V-ing作结果状语时，相当于一个并列句或表示结果的状语从句。如：

My parents went to the park yesterday, leaving me alone at home.

→ My parents went to the park yesterday, and they left me alone at home.

He has little education, making him difficult to find a job.

→ He has little education, so that it’s difficult for him to find a job.

5. V-ing作结果状语往往表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中”的结果；动词不定式作结果状语时通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一种结果。如：

He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.

杯子从他手中掉下来，摔成碎片。

I hurried to get there only to find him out.  

我匆匆忙忙地赶到那儿，(没想到) 他出去了。

【活学活用】

Ⅰ.单项选择。

1. More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

A. making           

B. made            

C. to make            

D. having made

2. It rained heavily in the south, _____ serious flooding in several provinces.   

A. caused                  

B. having caused      

C. causing              

D. to cause

3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _____ the students to return to their classrooms.         

A. enabling                 

B. having enabled      

C. to enable            

D. to have enabled

4. The news shocked the public, _____ to great concern about students’ safety at school.

A. having led               

B. led               

C. leading            

D. to lead

5. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____ all four people on board.               

A. killed                  

B. killing            

C. kills               

D. to kill  

Ⅱ.根据汉语提示，完成英语句子。(每空一词)

1. 车辆增加了许多，结果使情况更糟糕。

Traffic has greatly increased, __________ matters even __________.

2. 我们打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。

We opened the window, __________ __________   fresh air.

3. 这种鱼能在两分钟内把一个人吃掉，只剩下骨头。

This kind of fish can eat a person within two minutes, __________  __________ the bones.

4. 颜色各异的野花散布在山上和湖畔，为山谷增色不少。

Wild flowers of different colors spread all over the hills and around the lake, __________ __________ the beauty of the valley.

5. 她匆忙打车到了办公室，却发现钥匙忘在了家里。

She hurried to her office by taxi, __________ __________ __________ that the key had been left at home.

Key:

I. 1-5 ACACB

II. 1. making; worse 2. letting in 3. leaving only4. adding to 5. only to find