服务企业为何冷淡技能培訓

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首屆全國足部按摩師職業技能競賽昨日（１２月１２日）在南京舉行。作為華東地區重要休閑城市，有著１０萬足浴從業者的寧波，隻有兩家單位參加，而且選拔出的９人還達不到１０人組隊的最低標准。

技能競賽寧波遇冷

隨著洗浴、足浴休閑產業的快速發展，市場對專業足部按摩師的需求越來越大。為此，今年中國商業聯合會、全國財貿輕紡煙草工會聯合推出首屆全國足部按摩師職業技能競賽，參加對象是足部按摩師和初級足浴按摩師。

此次競賽以人力資源和社會保障部頒布的《足部按摩師國家職業技能標准（高級技能）》為標准，分為理論與實際操作兩個環節。“這是目前國內足浴行業級別最高的技能比賽，獲獎選手可以直接獲得上崗証書。”據市休閑沐浴協會會長董雙麟介紹，前１０名選手將被授予“全國十佳足摩師”和“全國商業服務業技術能手”稱號，第１１名至第４０名的選手將獲得“全國足部按摩行業技術能手”稱號。

但這樣一場高水平的全國競賽，卻在寧波受到冷遇。市沐浴休閑協會發出參賽通知后，沒有一家企業主動參與。最終，在協會工作人員“公關”下，有兩家單位參加。按照組委會的要求，每隊至少要派出１０人參賽，但寧波兩家單位隻組織了９人參賽。“目前，寧波洗浴、足浴企業有１０００多家，從業人員近１０萬人，但對參加技能競賽抱有熱情的太少了。”市沐浴休閑協會負責人說。

企業“苦處”多

對於為何不願參賽，一些休閑企業負責人告訴記者，進入冬季后，浴場、足浴店生意日漸繁忙，加上時下用工緊張，能夠抽出時間去參賽的人實在太少。此外，員工參賽，相關企業除了要承擔出差費用外，還要支付日常工資。

員工對參賽更是沒有興趣。“獲得高級証書在外地能加工資，而寧波沒有這一待遇。”一位從業者說。

其實，沒時間、多花錢只是企業的一個借口。“現在寧波的沐浴休閑行業技能人才缺口很大，但企業卻不願投入培訓，主要是怕職工有了技能后被挖‘牆角’。”市沐浴休閑協會會長董雙麟告訴記者，這幾年寧波沐浴休閑業整體水平不升反降，逐漸落后於周邊一些城市。

技能也是競爭力

“在杭州，足浴每人每小時收費１３８元，在寧波隻要４０元至８０元就可搞定。為了維持生意，大家在打價格戰。”寧波一家浴場的老板告訴記者，現在很多同行抱怨寧波市場競爭太激烈，生意不好做。

其實，技能培訓也是競爭力，員工技能和水平提高了，服務“含金量”自然水漲船高。企業發展規范了，員工和顧客的忠誠度也會相應提高。而且，作為傳統服務業，技能培訓能推動產業轉型升級。

按照寧波家庭服務業標准化建設要求，從事家政、休閑行業的用人單位必須與員工簽訂用工合同，繳納一定的社保基金﹔從業人員必須參加一定的技能培訓，持証上崗。但在實際運作中，真正如此實施的企業很少。據了解，一些企業為了減少支出，往往不與員工簽合同，繳保險﹔為了防止熟練工流失，甚至故意不讓員工參加技能培訓。（張正偉）

来源：人民网

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