详解：托福写作句式之IF从句的具体说明

屈联西

2014年09月04日15:25  新东方     
　　在写托福作文的时候，希望大家举例的时候能够写实例，因为实例有它的特指性和唯一行，当然，如果实在你没有经历过，在举例虚拟一个场景的时候， if起头，就不要弄错了。
　　大家在举例的时候常常会这么说“如果………”，”假设………。.”，即if………
　　先不说这种举例的好还是坏，就本身的句子而言，很多都是有问题的。
　　总结了一些if的用法，大家考前看看
　　先看两个托福 作文 例子：
　　[Scenery]Sue has lost her watch. She think it may be at Ann’s house。
　　SUE: I think I left my watch at your house. Have you seen it?
　　(1) ANN: no, but I’ll have a look when I get home. If I find it, I’ll tell you。
　　If I find…., I’ll……
　　(2) Ann says: If I found a wallet in the street, I’d take it to the police。
　　If I found……, I’d(=I would)……。.(而不是if I find, I’ll…。.)
　　这里两个句子有着不同的意思，前者表示Ann觉得她有找到手表的真实可能性。因此才说if I find….., I’ll…。.
　　而后者是完全不同的情况。在这里Ann没有考虑真实的可能性；她在虚拟这一个托福 作文 情景，并不认为真的可以在街上拣到手表。于是才说：if I found……,I’d……
　　if I do………。和if I did………的区别
　　用if+过去式(if I found / if you were / if we didn’t等) 表示虚拟的事情，而不是指过去时间发生的事情：
　　What would you do if you won a million pounds?
　　I don’t really want to go to their party, but I probably will go. They’d be offended if I didn’t go
　　Sarah has decided not to apply for the job. She isn’t really qualified for it, so she probably wouldn’t get it if she applied。
　　If从句中一般不用would:
　　I’d be very frightened if somebody pointed a gun at me。(而非if somebody would point)
　　If I didn’t go to their party, they’d be offended(而非if I wouldn’t go)
　　If …….would可以表示用来请求某人做某事：
　　I would be grateful if you would send me your brochure as soon as possible。
　　“Shall I close the door?” “yes, please, If you would。”
　　Would(‘d) / wouldn’t用于句子的主句(不是if从句)
　　If you took more exercise, you’d (=you would) probably feel healthier。
　　Would you mind if I used your phone?
　　I’m not tired enough to go to bed yet. I wouldn’t sleep。
　　另外，if引导的条件句也能引起倒装，如果要是在作文里用到，也是一个加分点：
　　先看正常语序。

　　It would be a serious setback, if the talks were to fail。
　　If you should need more information, please telephone our main office。
　　If Alex had asked, I would have been able to help。
　　倒装是要省略if
　　it would be a serious setback, were the talks to fail。
　　Should you need more information, please telephone our main office。
　　Had Alex asked, I would have been able to help
　　倒装句比if-从句更加正式。
　　但是在否定句里面，不可以用缩写
　　e.g。
　　Had he not resigned, we should have been forced to sack him(不用hadn’t he…。.)
　　再多说一下，在写托福 作文的时候，希望大家举例的时候能够写实例，因为实例有它的特指性和唯一行，当然，如果实在你没有经历过，在举例虚拟一个场景的时候， if起头，就不要弄错了。

屈联西

　   If …….would可以表示用来请求某人做某事：
　　 I would be grateful if you would send me your brochure as soon as possible。
　　“Shall I close the door?” “yes, please, If you would。”

屈联西

If从句中一般不用would:
　　 I’d be very frightened if somebody pointed a gun at me。(而非if somebody would point) 　 　If I didn’t go to their party, they’d be offended(而非if I wouldn’t go)