盘点亚洲各国的年度汉字及词汇(双语)

屈联西

The Chinese character “Lian”， or “clean governance，”has been chosen by Chinese netizens as the character of the year 2015， and “Internet Plus” as the word/phrase of the year。


　　通过网友票选，“廉”字当选为2015年度中国汉字，“互联网 ”成为年度中国词汇。


　　The winners were chosen after an online poll from more than 11，000 candidate characters and words recommended by Internet users， the selection‘s co-organizers -- the Chinese NationalLanguage Monitoring and Research Center and the Commercial Press announced on Monday。


　　该评选主办单位商务印书馆和国家语言资源监测与研究中心表示，年度字词是从网友推荐的1.1万多个字词中经过在线投票选出来的。


　　Also， the character “Kong，” （terror） and the word “counterterrorism” were chosen as representative of international affairs。


　　国际方面，“恐”“反恐”分别当选年度字、词。


　　Runners-up included “slump，” “second child，” “chaotic” and “Islamic State” ISIL or Daesh， with“smog”， “Belt and Road” and “refugee” also popular candidates。


　　今年的候选名单中，“跌”、“二孩”、“乱”、“伊斯兰国”、“一带一路”以及“难民”等字词也相当热门。


　　Last year‘s character and word/phrase were “law” and “anticorruption。”


　　去年的年度字、词分别为“法”和“反腐”。


　　In several Asian countries where Chinese characters are widely used， such as Malaysia，Japan and Singapore， people have been voting for the most representative characters of the year in recent years。 The polls， normally organized by academics or the media， are an interesting way of determining which events or incidents have affected the people most in a calendar year。


　　近几年，马来西亚、日本和新加坡等广泛使用汉字的亚洲国家每年都会投票选出最能代表这一年的汉字。这些投票通常由学术机构或媒体举办，从中能看出这一年中对人们影响最大的活动或事件，不失为一种有趣的视角。


　　Japan


　　日本


　　Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Association announced at Kiyomizu Temple of Kyoto on Tuesday that安（pronounced an） or “safety” was selected as the kanji of 2015 which best summarizes the year‘s national mood in the country。 It won 5，632 of the 129，647 votes received in total。


　　15日，日本汉字能力鉴定协会在京都清水寺宣布“安”当选为2015年度汉字，这一汉字最为贴切地概括了这个国家的国民这一年度的心情。“安”在129647总票数中赢得了5632张。


　　According to Japanese local media， the Abe administration forced controversial security-related bills through the upper house of the parliament since September despite strong protests from the Japanese people。 People are concerned about safety issues as the risks of Japan being involved in a war have been obviously increased。


　　据日本当地媒体报道，安倍政府自9月以来不顾日本人民的强烈反对，经国会参议院通过强行推出备受争议的安保法案。由于日本卷入一场战争的风险明显增加，人们很担心安全问题。


　　Japanese Defence Secretary Gen Nakatani told Japanese journalists at a press conference on Tuesday that it shows Japanese people are eager for the “safety” of the future。 “In addition to the concern over the new security bill， Japanese people hope to acquire safety and stability in both politics and economy，” he said。


　　在当天的一场媒体发布会上，日本防卫大臣中谷元告诉在场的日本记者，这表明了日本人民对未来“安全”的渴求。他说道：“除了对于新安全法案的关注，日本人民还希望在政治和经济方面都能获得安全与稳定。”


　　爆（soar）was next only to “safety” with 4，929 votes。 The phrase爆买（Bakugai or explosive buying）frequently appears on Japanese media during the whole year as busloads of Chinese travelers arrived at duty-free stores in the shopping districts throughout Japan， purchasing items including rice cookers and high-tech toilet seats。


　　“爆”字以4929票紧随“安”之后。随着一车车的中国游客抵达日本各个购物地区的免税店，购买包括电饭煲与高科技马桶座圈在内的各种物品，整整一年中，“爆买”一词频繁出现在日本媒体中。


　　战（war），结（marriage），五（five），赏（reward），伪（fake），争（dispute），变（change） and 胜（win） were alsolisted as the top 10 kanji for the year in Japan。


　　“战”、“结”、“五”、“赏”、“伪”、“争”、“变”和“胜”也入选日本十大年度汉字。


　　The annual kanji selection event has been held since 1995。 Last year，税or “tax” was chosen theannual kanji as the consumption tax rate was raised from 5 percent to 8 percent。


　　日本年度汉字评选活动始于1995年。去年，“税”字被选作年度汉字，原因是消费税率从5%提高到了8%。


　　Singapore


　　新加坡


　　In Singapore， Lianhe Zaobao published the result of the 2015 Chinese character poll on Monday。耀（pronounced yew）， which has several connotations including radiance， brilliance and glorious， was chosen as the Chinese character of the year。 It is also the last character informer Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew‘s Chinese name。


　　在新加坡，《联合早报》于14日发布了2015汉字投票的结果。“耀”字当选为这一年的年度汉字。它有好几层含义，包括发光、光辉和辉煌。同时，它也是新加坡前总理李光耀中文名的最后一个字。