语法解析：如何用英语表达曾经去过某地？

屈联西

　大家好！欢迎收听 BBC 英语教学节目《你问我答》，我是杨莉。这是一档为大家解答英语疑问的节目。今天的问题来自台北的 Michael，是个语法问题，我们一起看看他的问题。


　　Question


　　Here's the question: "Do you go to the movies a lot?"


　　Here's the answer: "No, I haven't been to the movies for ages."


　　Can I write "No, I haven't gone to the movies for ages."?


　　Thanks


　　Michael, Taipei


语法辨析 自动播放
　　谢谢Michael. 首先让我来回答你的问题。No，你不可以用 'gone'，你不可以说 I haven't gone to the movies for ages。如果你的意思是“我很长时间都没有去电影院看电影了”，那么正确的表达就是，No, I haven't been to the movies for ages。首先我要提示大家的是'the movies' 是美式英语，表示电影院；在英式英语里用 cinema。那么今天我们就来重点探讨一下，第一， for ages这个短语的用法；第二，have been to 和have gone to 的区别。


　　For ages 意思是“很长时间以来”。类似短语还有 for months , for years, for a long time. 这些短语都要求句子使用完成时态。请大家听几个句子，两句是正确的；两句是错误的。


　　Examples


　　I've been to the movies for months.


　　这句话是错误的。


　　I haven't been to the movies for months.


　　这句话语法正确，意思是我已经有好几个月没去看电影了。


　　He's been to Shanghai for years.


　　这句话是错误的。


　　Q&A of the Week ?British Broadcasting Corporation 2016


　　bbclearningenglish.com/chinese Page 2 of 2


　　He hasn't been to Shanghai for years.


　　这句话语法正确，意思是他已经好多年没去上海了。


　　接下来我们看看 been to 和 gone to 的区别。


　　To have been to a place 意思是曾经去过某地，但现在人已经回来了。因为表示的是过去的经历，所以不受人称的限制。第一，第二和第三人称都可以使用。请看例句：


　　Example


　　He's been to the movies a lot recently。You've been a couple of times too, but I haven't been for ages. 他最近总去电影院。你也去过两次，不过我很久都没去了。


　　相比之下，to have gone to a place 意思是某人已经离开这里去别处了。所以，请大家记住to have gone to a place 永远不能与第一人称连用，不能说我或者我们，因为一个人不可能同时身处两地。回到Michael 的问题。I haven’t gone to the movies for ages。这句话就是错误的了，就在于gone这个词使用的不当，应该改为have been to就对啦。请听例句，注意been to 和gone to 的区别。


　　Examples


　　(friends)


　　How is your brother doing?


　　He's very well. He's gone to China to study Chinese.


　　Good for him. Have you been to China?


　　Yes, but it was a long time ago. I'd like to go there again.


　　(husband and wife)


　　Where are the kids? I can't see them.


　　They've all gone swimming.


　　Oh, I haven't been to the sports centre for months!


　　Why don't you come home early tomorrow so we can go together?


　　Good idea.


　　好了，通过以上的例句我们比较了to have been to 和 to have gone to 的区别。再次感谢Michael。也希望更多朋友提问、分享、互动。