沉思录(双语)[配音：梁祝]

屈联西

If thou workest at that which is before thee, following right reason seriously, vigorously, calmly, without allowing anything else to distract thee, but keeping thy divine part pure, as if thou shouldst be bound to give it back immediately; if thou holdest to this, expecting nothing, fearing nothing, but satisfied with thy present activity according to nature, and with heroic truth in every word and sound which thou utterest, thou wilt live happy. And there is no man who is able to prevent this. 当你做摆在你面前的工作时,你要认真地遵循正确的理性,精力充沛,宁静致远,不分心于 任何别的事情,而保持你神圣的部分纯净,仿佛你必定要直接把它归还似的;若你坚持这一 点,无所欲望亦无所畏惧,满足于你现在合乎本性的活动,满足于你说出的每个词和音节中 的勇敢的真诚,你就能生存得幸福.没有任何人能阻止这一点.

屈联西

As physicians have always their instruments and knives ready for cases which suddenly require their skill, so do thou have principles ready for the understanding of things divine and human, and for doing everything, even the smallest, with a recollection of the bond which unites the divine -19- and human to one another. For neither wilt thou do anything well which pertains to man without at the same time having a reference to things divine; nor the contrary. 就像医生总是要备好他们的器具和手术好以待突然需要他们技艺的病人一样, 你也要通过回 忆那把神和人统一起来的契约而备有一些原则, 用来理解和人的事物, 知道如何做一切甚至 最小的事情.因为,若是你不同时参照神的事物,就不会把有关人的所有事情做好,反之亦 然.

屈联西

No longer wander at hazard; for neither wilt thou read thy own memoirs, nor the acts of the ancient Romans and Hellenes, and the selections from books which thou wast reserving for thy old age. Hasten then to the end which thou hast before thee, and throwing away idle hopes, come to thy own aid, if thou carest at all for thyself, while it is in thy power. 不要再随便地游荡, 因为你将面临自己记忆力的衰退, 不再能追忆古代罗马和希腊人的行为, 也读不成你为自己晚年保存的书籍.那么抓紧你前面的最后一些日子,丢开无用的希望,来 自己援助自己,如果你完全关心自己的话,而这是在你的力量范围之内的.

屈联西

They know not how many things are signified by the words stealing, sowing, buying, keeping quiet, seeing what ought to be done; for this is not effected by the eyes, but by another kind of vision. 他们不知道有多少事情是通过词语的偷窃,播种和购买来进行的,保持宁静吧,考察应当做 什么,因为这不受眼睛而是受另一种观照力的影响.

屈联西

Body, soul, intelligence: to the body belong sensations, to the soul appetites, to the intelligence principles. To receive the impressions of forms by means of appearances belongs even to animals; to be pulled by the strings of desire belongs both to wild beasts and to men who have made themselves into women, and to a Phalaris and a Nero: and to have the intelligence that guides to the things which appear suitable belongs also to those who do not believe in the gods, and who betray their country, and do their impure deeds when they have shut the doors. If then everything else is common to all that I have mentioned, there remains that which is peculiar to the good man, to be pleased and content with what happens, and with the thread which is spun for him; and not to defile the divinity which is planted in his breast, nor disturb it by a crowd of images, but to preserve it tranquil, following it obediently as a god, neither saying anything contrary to the truth, nor doing anything contrary to justice. And if all men refuse to believe that he lives a simple, modest, and contented life, he is neither angry with any of them, nor does he deviate from the way which leads to the end of life, to which a man ought to come pure, tranquil, ready to depart, and without any compulsion perfectly reconciled to his lot. 身体,灵魂,理智;感觉属于身体;爱好属于灵魂;原则属于理智.通过现象而得到形式的 印象-这种能力甚至也为动物所拥有; 被一连串的欲望所推动-这既属于野兽也属于把自己 变成女人的男人,等于是一个法勒里斯和一个尼禄 ;拥有指导那看来合适的事物的理智- 这也属于那些不信神的人,那些背叛祖国,关起门来做坏事的人.那么,如果所有别的一工 于我刚提到的这些人都是共同的, 还留下什么为善良的人们所独有呢?那就是对所有发生的 事情, 对为他而纺的命运之线感到满意和愉悦; 就是玷污和不以一堆形象搅乱植入他心中的 神性,而是使它保持宁静,把它作为一个神而忠顺地服从它,决不说任何违背真理的话,不 做违背正义的事.即使所有别人都不相信他是过着一种简朴,谦虚和满足的生活,他也决不 对他们中的任何一个人感到愤怒, 也不偏离那引到生命的终结的这条道路, 循此一个人应当 -20- 达到纯粹,宁静,乐意离去,没有任何强迫地完全安心于他的命运.

屈联西

Book Four THAT which rules within, when it is according to nature, is so affected with respect to the events which happen, that it always easily adapts itself to that which is and is presented to it. For it requires no definite material, but it moves towards its purpose, under certain conditions however; and it makes a material for itself out of that which opposes it, as fire lays hold of what falls into it, by which a small light would have been extinguished: but when the fire is strong, it soon appropriates to itself the matter which is heaped on it, and consumes it, and rises higher by means of this very material. 那在我们心中的支配部分, 当它合乎本性时是如此爱好那发生的事情, 以致它总是容易地使 自己适应于那可能发生和呈现于它的东西. 因为它不要求任何确定的手段, 而是在无论什么 条件下都趋向于自己的目标; 它甚至从它对立的东西中为自己获得手段, 就像火抓住落进火 焰中的东西一样.爝火会被落在它上面的东西压熄,但当火势强大时,它很快就占有和吞噬 了投在它上面的东西,借助于这些东西越烧越旺.

屈联西

Let no act be done without a purpose, nor otherwise than according to the perfect principles of art. 让任何行为都不要无目的地做出,也不要不根据完善的艺术原则做出.

屈联西

Men seek retreats for themselves, houses in the country, sea-shores, and mountains; and thou too art wont to desire such things very much. But this is altogether a mark of the most common sort of men, for it is in thy power whenever thou shalt choose to retire into thyself. For nowhere either with more quiet or more freedom from trouble does a man retire than into his own soul, particularly when he has within him such thoughts that by looking into them he is immediately in perfect tranquility; and I affirm that tranquility is nothing else than the good ordering of the mind. Constantly then give to thyself this retreat, and renew thyself; and let thy principles be brief and fundamental, which, as soon as thou shalt recur to them, will be sufficient to cleanse the soul completely, and to send thee back free from all discontent with the things to which thou returnest. For with what art thou discontented? With the badness of men? Recall to thy mind this conclusion, that rational animals exist for one another, and that to endure is a part of justice, and that men do wrong involuntarily; and consider how many already, after mutual enmity, suspicion, hatred, and fighting, have been stretched dead, reduced to ashes; and be quiet at last.- But perhaps thou art dissatisfied with that which is assigned to thee out of the universe.- Recall to thy recollection this alternative; either there is providence or atoms, fortuitous concurrence of things; or remember the arguments by which it has been proved that the world is a kind of political community, and be quiet at last.- But perhaps corporeal things will still fasten upon thee.- Consider then further that the mind mingles not with the breath, whether moving gently or violently, when it has once drawn itself apart and discovered its own power, and think also of all that thou hast heard and assented to about pain and pleasure, and be quiet at last.- But perhaps the desire of the thing called fame will torment thee.- See how soon everything is forgotten, and look at the chaos of infinite time on each side of the present, and the emptiness of applause, and the changeableness and want of judgement in those who pretend to give praise, and the narrowness of the space within which it is circumscribed, and be quiet at last. For the whole earth is a point, and how small a nook in it is -21- this thy dwelling, and how few are there in it, and what kind of people are they who will praise thee. 人们寻求隐退自身,他们隐居于乡村茅屋,山林海滨;你也倾向于渴望这些事情.但这完全 是凡夫俗子的一个标记, 因为无论什么时候你要退入自身你都可以这样做. 因为一个人退到 任何一个地方都不如退入自己的心灵更为宁静和更少苦恼, 特别是当他在心里有这种思想的 时候, 通过考虑它们, 他马上进入了完全的宁静. 我坚持认为: 宁静不过是心灵的井然有序. 那么你不断地使自己做这种隐退吧,更新你自己吧,让你的原则简单而又基本,这样,一旦 你要诉诸它们,它们就足以完全地净化心灵,使你排除所有的不满而重返家园.因为,你是 对什么不满呢?是对人们的邪恶不满吗?那就让你的心灵回忆起这一结论吧: 理性的动物是 互相依存的,忍受亦是正义的一部分,人们是不自觉地行恶的;考虑一下有多少人在相互敌 视,怀疑,仇恨,战斗之后已经死去而化为灰烬;那就会终于使你安静下来.-但也许你是 不满于从宇宙中分配给你的东西-那么转而回忆一下这一思想: 想想要末是神存在, 要末是 原子,即事物的偶然配合存在;或者想想这些论据,它们证明了这个世界是一个政治社会, 那最终会使你安静. -但也许有形的事物还是要抓住你-那么进一步考虑一下: 当心灵一旦 使自己与身体分开,发现了它自己的力量,它就不论是在平缓还是激烈地活动中,都不会使 自己与呼吸相混; 也再想想你在痛苦和快乐方面所有你听到的和同意的; 你将最终使你安静. -但也许对于所谓名声的愿望将要折磨你-那么看一看一切事物是多么快地被忘却, 看一看 过去和未来的无限时间的混沌; 看一看赞美的空洞, 看一看那些装作给出赞扬的人们判断的 多变和贫乏,以及赞扬所被限定的范围的狭隘,那么最终使你自己安静吧.因为整个地球是 一个点, 你居住的地方又是地球上一个多么小的角落啊, 在它上面存在的东西是多么的少啊, 而要赞扬你的人又是什么样的人呢?

屈联西

This then remains: Remember to retire into this little territory of thy own, and above all do not distract or strain thyself, but be free, and look at things as a man, as a human being, as a citizen, as a mortal. But among the things readiest to thy hand to which thou shalt turn, let there be these, which are two. One is that things do not touch the soul, for they are external and remain immovable; but our perturbations come only from the opinion which is within. The other is that all these things, which thou seest, change immediately and will no longer be; and constantly bear in mind how many of these changes thou hast already witnessed. The universe is transformation: life is opinion. 那么仍旧把这牢记在心:记住退入你自身的小小疆域,尤其不要使你分心或紧张,而是保持 自由,像一个人,一个人的存在,一个公民,一个有死者一样去看待事物.在你手边你容易 碰到并注意的事物,让它们存在吧,那无非是这两种事物:一种是不接触心灵的事物,它们 是外在的,不可改变的,但我们的烦仅来自内心的意见;另一种是所有这些事物,你看到它 们是很快改变和消失的; 始终牢记你已经目击过多少这样的变化. 宇宙是流变, 生活是意见.

屈联西

If our intellectual part is common, the reason also, in respect of which we are rational beings, is common: if this is so, common also is the reason which commands us what to do, and what not to do; if this is so, there is a common law also; if this is so, we are fellow-citizens; if this is so, we are members of some political community; if this is so, the world is in a manner a state. For of what other common political community will any one say that the whole human race are members? And from thence, from this common political community comes also our very intellectual faculty and reasoning faculty and our capacity for law; or whence do they come? For as my earthly part is a portion given to me from certain earth, and that which is watery from another element, and that -22- which is hot and fiery from some peculiar source (for nothing comes out of that which is nothing, as nothing also returns to non-existence), so also the intellectual part comes from some source. 如果我们的理智部分是共同的,就我们是理性的存在而言,那么,理性也是共同的,因此, 那命令我们做什么和不做什么的理性就也是共同的;因此,就也有一个共同的;我们就都是 同一类公民;就都是某种政治团体的成员;这世界在某种意义上就是一个国家.因为有什么 人会说整个类是别的政治共同体的成员?正是从此, 从这个共同的政治团体产生出我们真正 的理智能力,推理能力和我们的法治能力,否则,它们是从哪里来的呢?因为,正像我身上 属土的部分是从某种土给予我的, 某种属水的部分是从另一种元素得来的, 某种炎热如火的 部分是从某一特殊源泉而来的 (因为没有什么东西是来自无, 也没有什么东西会复归于无) , 所以理性的部分也来自某种源泉.